FreiherrJohannSchwarzenbergDuererAlbrecht

Johann of Schwarzenberg (25 December 1463 – 21 October 1528) (also Johann, Freiherr von Schwarzenberg and Hohenlandsberg) was a German moralist and reformer who, as judge of the episcopal court at

Bamberg Bamberg (, , ; East Franconian: ''Bambärch'') is a town in Upper Franconia, Germany, on the river Regnitz close to its confluence with the river Main. The town dates back to the 9th century, when its name was derived from the nearby ' castle. C ...

, introduced a new code of evidence which amended the procedure then prevalent in Europe by securing for the accused a more impartial hearing.

Life

In 1507, at the direction of the Prince-Bishop of Bamberg,

Georg Schenk von Limpurg Georg Schenk von Limpurg (1470–1522) was the Prince-Bishop of Bamberg from 1505 to 1522. Biography Georg Schenk von Limpurg was born in Obersontheim in 1470. He was elected Prince-Bishop of Bamberg on 13 February 1505, with Pope Julius II ...

, Schwarzenberg drew up the ''Halsgerichtsordnung'' (Procedure for the judgment of capital crimes) of Bamberg (also known as the ''Bambergensis''). It was based on the

humanistic Humanism is a philosophical stance that emphasizes the individual and social potential and agency of human beings. It considers human beings the starting point for serious moral and philosophical inquiry. The meaning of the term "humani ...

school of

Roman law Roman law is the law, legal system of ancient Rome, including the legal developments spanning over a thousand years of jurisprudence, from the Twelve Tables (c. 449 BC), to the ''Corpus Juris Civilis'' (AD 529) ordered by Eastern Roman emperor J ...

, and it was in turn the basis for the

Constitutio Criminalis Carolina The Constitutio Criminalis Carolina (sometimes shortened to Carolina) is recognised as the first body of German criminal law (''Strafgesetzbuch''). It was also known as the '' Halsgerichtsordnung'' (Procedure for the judgment of capital crimes) of ...

, drafted in 1530 and ratified in 1532. In 1507, Schwarzenberg was a leader of the knights of

Franconia Franconia (german: Franken, ; Franconian dialect: ''Franggn'' ; bar, Frankn) is a region of Germany, characterised by its culture and Franconian dialect (German: ''Fränkisch''). The three administrative regions of Lower, Middle and Upper Fr ...

. From 1522 to 1524, he was a member of the Reichsregiment (Imperial regiment), a body formed for the government of the

Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire was a Polity, political entity in Western Europe, Western, Central Europe, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, dissolution i ...

, and in the absence of

Charles V Charles V may refer to: * Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1500–1558) * Charles V of Naples (1661–1700), better known as Charles II of Spain * Charles V of France (1338–1380), called the Wise * Charles V, Duke of Lorraine (1643–1690) * Infan ...

even the governor of the Empire. He composed moral and satirical poems and works regarding the

Reformation The Reformation (alternatively named the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation) was a major movement within Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the Catholic Church and in ...

. He also did translations, mainly of

Cicero Marcus Tullius Cicero ( ; ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the estab ...

. He was an early adherent and friend of

Martin Luther Martin Luther (; ; 10 November 1483 – 18 February 1546) was a German priest, theologian, author, hymnwriter, and professor, and Order of Saint Augustine, Augustinian friar. He is the seminal figure of the Reformation, Protestant Refo ...

References

;Attribution * ; Endnotes: *see W. Scheel, ''Johann, Freiherr von S.'' (Berlin, 1905). *

External links

* "Johann von Schwarzenberg" ''German Wikipedia''. 1463 births 1528 deaths 16th-century German judges German poets People from Bamberg

Johann Johann, typically a male given name, is the German form of ''Iohannes'', which is the Latin form of the Greek name ''Iōánnēs'' (), itself derived from Hebrew name ''Yochanan'' () in turn from its extended form (), meaning "Yahweh is Gracious" ...

German male poets {{Germany-law-bio-stub

Life

See also

References

External links